In the context of China's new era, college students' values exhibit a range of complex and sometimes contradictory features: political beliefs marked by both alignment and tension; moral perspectives shaped by a mix of dedication and confusion; life attitudes characterized by both striving and passivity; learning motivations balancing idealism with utilitarianism; and interpersonal interactions that blend real and virtual dimensions. These characteristics are closely tied to the broader conditions of the new era, including the interplay of domestic and global changes (“two overarching contexts”), cultural diversification, the digitalization of lifestyles, and the widespread expansion of higher education. To enhance the effectiveness and relevance of values education for college students, it is essential to tailor guidance strategies to their specific value orientations and evolving socio-temporal contexts. This can be achieved through theoretical clarification, curriculum integration, platform development, supportive environments, and need-based approaches.

This study analyzes the central government budget execution audit rectification reports for the years 2021 to 2023, from the perspective of collaborative governance. Based on the SFIC model, it systematically investigates the pathways to enhance both audit rectification and budget execution performance. The findings reveal that, while significant progress has been made in establishing a multi-dimensional collaborative supervision mechanism and advancing governance logic, several key challenges persist. These include structural flaws in institutional design, inefficient information and feedback channels, the absence of a shared responsibility mechanism, and the breakdown of vertical collaboration transmission. To address these challenges, the study proposes a solution based on the dynamic cyclical logic of the SFIC model. It outlines a four-pronged approach to improving collaborative governance: activating initial conditions, strengthening multi-dimensional catalytic leadership, innovating institutional design, and streamlining collaborative processes. This framework offers actionable recommendations for enhancing the systemic collaborative governance of budget performance improvement within the context of audit rectification.

In order to meet the requirements of high precision and high reliability clock for time-consuming equipment, according to the characteristics of high long-term stability of global navigation satellite system(GNSS) timing and high short-term stability of crystal oscillator clock(COC), a scheme of taming crystal oscillator by GNSS second pulse is proposed, which realizes the complementary advantages of GNSS and COC, and improves the stability and accuracy of crystal oscillator output frequency. Based on the system of GNSS taming the constant temperature crystal oscillator, the singular value truncation algorithm is used to filter out the outliers in the system in real time; combined with the fading filtering algorithm, the system error is effectively reduced and the stable output is within a certain range. Experimental results show that the frequency accuracy of the constant temperature crystal oscillator can reach 3.4×10^-12, and the timing accuracy is better than 20 ns.

As a soft institutional environment, can an optimal business environment enhance firm resilience to uncertainty shocks, serving as fertile ground for nurturing their adaptability? This study explores the impact of the business environment on firm resilience and the underlying mechanisms, focusing on the COVID-19 shock situation. Findings indicate an inverted U-shaped relationship between the business environment and firm resilience, where firms' risk-taking propensity positively moderates this relationship. Mechanism testing, based on a “resource-relationship-capability” framework, demonstrates that the business environment enhances firm resilience by optimizing resource allocation, improving government-enterprise relations, and stimulating innovation capacity. Heterogeneity analysis further indicates that the effect of the business environment on firm resilience varies significantly across different levels of regional development, industry factor intensity, and firm-specific characteristics (ownership structure, lifecycle stage, and scale). This study offers theoretical insights and practical recommendations to help enterprises fully leverage policy dividends from an optimized business environment to enhance firm resilience. It also guides government policymakers in designing more balanced and effective policies to improve the business environment.

The neo-sensationalist fiction was a striking literary genre in the 1930s, which fervently depicted the urban modernity of Shanghai. Its works predominantly focus on fragmented urban landscapes, fluid consumer trends, and modern men and women entangled in life, death, love, and desire, while giving insufficient attention to the underclass—particularly the laboring masses. This stands in stark contrast to the proletarian literature advocated by the left-wing literary sphere. The literary inclination of the neo-sensationalist writers was, on the one hand, influenced by the burgeoning Western modernist movements of the time, and on the other hand, it was also related to their unique understanding of literature. Consequently, their creative works embodied a narrative ethics distinct from traditional literature.

Precise segmentation of brain tumors is a crucial research focus in clinical medicine. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used for brain tumor segmentation; however. Leveraging multimodality MRI image information can significantly enhance segmentation performance. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the various methods used for multimodality brain tumor segmentation. It explores the application of deep learning technology in this context, and discusses the unique advantages and limitations of methods based on convolutional neural networks(CNN), fully CNNs, and Transformers. The review also summarizes three commonly employed strategies: modal stacking, network improvement, and modal feature fusion. It also covers additional methodologies, including those utilizing generative adversarial networks, feature, correlation, network improvement,and cross-modality self-supervised learning. Furthermore, the paper addresses the challenges and potential solutions for multimodality brain tumor segmentation in the absence of certain modalities. Finally, it provides insights into the future development direction of multimodality brain tumor segmentation.

In recent years, Chinese online literature has experienced rapid growth in overseas markets, evolving through stages of publication licensing, translation-based export, and platform-based expansion, and has now entered a new phase of global co-creation. At this stage, the market scale, ecosystem, and strategic orientation of Chinese online literature abroad have reached new heights. However, the field is also facing increasingly intense global competition. This study analyzes the competitive landscape of Chinese online literature from the perspectives of market dynamics, cultural factors, and industrial structure. It addresses key challenges such as content homogenization, cultural barriers, and the overload of entertainment content. To overcome these obstacles, the paper explores strategic solutions in content selection, translation mechanisms, and IP development, aiming to provide viable pathways for the global dissemination and sustainable development of Chinese online literature.

A high-gain low-noise amplifier operating in the X-band has been designed based on the 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The circuit employs a two-stage differential common-source structure and utilizes a cross-coupled capacitance neutralization to counteract the coupling effects from the Miller effect of the transistor gate-drain parasitic capacitance, and improves the circuit gain, stability, and reverse isolation. Transformer baluns are used for input, inter-stage, and output matching networks to achieve a compact impedance matching structure and conversion from single-ended to differential signal at ports. Testing results show that the low-noise amplifier has a 3 dB gain bandwidth of 9-11 GHz, a maximum gain of 25.1 dB, a noise figure of (3.6±0.1) dB, and a core chip area of 0.34 mm² with a DC power consumption of 35 mW.

The modern environmental governance system integrating “digital-intelligent empowerment + interest coordination” can accurately identify stakeholders in water environment collaborative governance and effectively enhance the modernization level of China's “AI+” water environment governance. Drawing upon Zhejiang's digital-intelligent water governance practices, this paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model involving “government-enterprise-public” collaborative governance. It reveals the evolutionary pathway of interest coordination and governance strategies in digital-intelligence-empowered water environment governance. The results show that: (1) Government incentive governance, enterprise contractual governance, public collaborative governance constitutes the optimal and ideal stable point for achieving interest-coordinated governance in digital-intelligence-empowered water environments. (2) Stakeholders' recognition of the effectiveness of digital-intelligence-empowered water governance and the evolutionary pattern of public collaborative participation are key drivers for interest coordination within the digital water governance system. (3) The government's incentive regulatory policies with well-defined rewards and punishments can not only strengthen enterprise investment but also effectively enhance public enthusiasm for participating in water governance. (4) Blockchain and AI technologies, as key nexuses of digital-intelligent empowerment, elevate the level of interest-coordinated governance by building intelligent monitoring platforms, thereby propelling water environment governance strategies toward stable equilibrium. The findings of the study not only expand the scope of collaborative value co-creation theory in the AI era but also provide significant reference value for constructing China's modern environmental governance system.

The creation of a positive educational ecology requires a break with the subject-object dichotomy and a transformation from a single individual perspective centered on teachers or students to a relational perspective of building a dialogue-based, co-subjective relationship between teachers and students. Grounded in humanistic principles, the teacher-student co-presence dialogue is an emerging educational proposition, which examines the teacher-student relationship from the perspective of mutual development and views teachers and students as a unified community. It demonstrates the key characteristics of relationality, collaborativity, and practicality as a matter of priority, all of which together highlight the status of teachers and students as co-subjects, establish the goal of their shared development, and form the concept of joint creation through collaboration. In this sense, constructing a path for the co-presence dialogue entails shifting from one-sided inclination to bidirectional equality in educational roles, transforming external impetus into internal generation as the driving force for growth, and evolving from clear-cut distinctions to co-present openness in the teacher-student relationship. Ultimately, these shifts will contribute to achieving the goal of mutual enhancement in teaching and learning.

Using China's provincial panel data from 2010 to 2023, this study employs a fixed-effects model and the Bootstrap method to establish a multiple mediating effect model. A comprehensive technological innovation index is developed through principal component analysis, covering three dimensions: input, output, and carrier/performance. This framework is used to systematically examine the pathways through which population aging influences technological innovation. The empirical findings reveal that population aging exerts a significant negative indirect effect on technological innovation through the health productivity pathway. This is manifested in aging suppressing innovation by squeezing fiscal healthcare expenditures and reducing residents' health investments. Regional heterogeneity analysis indicates a “gradient increase” pattern in the negative impact of aging on innovation. While the eastern region alleviates some adverse effects through talent agglomeration, central and western regions confront the dual challenges of “aging and human capital drain.” The study demonstrates that China's characteristic of “growing old before becoming affluent” causes population aging to primarily inhibit innovation by undermining human capital quality and diverting public health resources. Accordingly, we recommend prioritizing the optimization of educational and healthcare resource allocation, enhancing the cultivation of high-skilled talent, and establishing region-specific innovation support policies to address aging challenges and stimulate innovation momentum.

Based on the 40 nm CMOS process, a fractional-N phase-locked loop with frequency range of 19~20.25 GHz for frequency-modulation continuous-wave chirp is proposed. An improved pre-charged frequency-phase detector is used to alleviate the blind zone problem in the frequency-phase detector and quickly captures the frequency difference of the input signals for achieving fast locking in the phase-locked loop and meeting the requirements of slope rate of chirp. An improved multistage noise-shaping structure is used in the Σ-Δ modulator to effectively increase the length of the output sequence and reduce fractional spurs. Simulation results show that with an output frequency of 19 GHz, the phase noise of the phase-locked loop is -100 dBc@1 MHz, and the maximum modulation rate of the linear wave is 310 MHz/μs, which has much faster modulation speed by comparing with traditional phase-locked loop. The overall power consumption is 65-105 mW under 1.8 V supply voltage for VCO and 0.9 V supply voltage for the rest circuits.

Predicting effluent quality is crucial for early warning and monitoring of sewage plant water quality, enabling dynamic regulation of sewage plants. However, industrial wastewater quality data often exhibit high volatility and nonlinearity. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a time-convolutional network(TCN) model based on the efficient channel attention(ECA) mechanism, bidirectional LSTM(BiLSTM), and CEEMDAN optimization. Firstly, the CEEMDAN decomposition technique effectively reduces the fitting difficulty of the input sequence. The ECA module captures local channel feature information, which the BiLSTM module extracts bi-directional temporal features and enables accurate prediction of industrial wastewater effluent quality time series by combining with the TCN network Finally, the output of each component is reconstructed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed TCN model achieves better accuracy in predicting the chemical oxygen demand COD of industrial wastewater effluent quality, with an R² index of 0.90, surpassing other benchmark models. This study provides a basis for efficient dynamic regulation in industrial wastewater treatment plants.

The extraction of buildings from remote sensing images faces multiple challenges such as diverse shapes, scale changes, complex backgrounds, and pixel blurring. To address these issues, this paper proposes a dual path network called DBCTNet, which combines the advantages of CNN and Transformer. This network integrates local detail paths with global context paths, fully utilizing the local feature extraction capabilities of CNN and the global information processing capabilities of Transformer, thereby achieving more efficient building extraction. In order to further improve the performance of the model, a feature refinement fusion module is proposed to reduce the feature differences between different paths and enhance the adaptability of the model in complex scenes. At the same time, a multi-level feature aggregation module is proposed to improve the robustness and accuracy of the model when dealing with buildings of different scales by aggregating multi-scale feature information. Experimental results showthat DBCTNet achieves excellent performanceon the Massachusetts building dataset and the Inria aerial image labeling dataset.

The impacts of anisotropic ocean turbulence on the propagation of anomalous vortex beams through an ocean channel are examined. Using Rytov theory, mathematical expressions for the orbital angular momentum mode detection probability and channel capacity of an anomalous vortex beam are derived. Numerical simulations are used to analyze the effects of light source parameters and anisotropic ocean turbulence parameters on the mode detection probability and channel capacity, which indicate that higher radial index values of the anomalous vortex beam result in better resistance to turbulence. In addition, an increase in most turbulence parameters, with the exception of the anisotropy factor and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, leads to a decrease in the detection probability and channel capacity. Furthermore, the propagating performance of an anomalous vortex beam is compared with that of the Hankel-Bessel beam and the Laguerre-Gauss vortex beam in anisotropic ocean turbulence. It has been found that anomalous vortex beams have superior transmission abilities in anisotropic ocean turbulence under certain conditions.

In order to construct generalized barycentric coordinates with non-negativity and locality, this paper proposes a method for constructing visible natural neighbor coordinates based on minimizing Dirichlet energy. By computing the second-order Voronoi diagram and visible vertices, the visible natural neighbors are obtained, ensuring the locality of the coordinates. Subsequently, the coucept of Dirichlet evergy is induced, and the smoothness of the coordinates is ensured by minimizing the Dirichlet energy. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed method can construct barycentric coordinates with non-negativity and stronger locality within any simple polygon.

This paper proposes a method for studying the cylindrical vector wave functions(CVWFs) of electromagnetic scattering by the two-dimensional bianisotropic media. Based on the two-dimensional CVWFs, the electromagnetic field in the two-dimensional bianisotropic media can be expanded into the integral expression of the CVWFs, while the scattering field and incident field outside the bianisotropic media can also be expanded into the form of the CVWFs in media. By using the continuity of the tangential component of the electromagnetic field on the surface of the bianisotropic media, the extended boundary condition method and the orthogonality of the CVWFs, the scattering coefficients of the scattering field in terms of CVWFs in free space can be derived, and then the radar cross section of the two-dimensional bianisotropic media can be obtained. Numerical results comparing with existing literature coincide enough, and discussions are drawn at the end.

The light field camera is a novel imaging device that has garnered considerable attention due to its ability to capture both light intensity and direction information in a single shot. Such capability holds immense promise for image processing applications. However, the current state-of-the-art super-resolution methods tend to overlook the critical occlusion relationship, leading to suboptimal reconstruction performance in complex occlusion scenarios. Moreover, prevailing approaches lack refinement in their exploration of structural and parallax information. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel multilevel feature fusion-based light field image super-resolution network. The network begins by extracting viewpoint maps from multiple viewing angles, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of the occlusion relationship. Subsequently, by treating two diagonal views as a sequence, the network extracts gradient maps to mine crucial structural information. Finally, we convert the subaperture image into a lens images to extract valuable parallax information. Experimental results on open datasets demonstrate superior reconstruction performance of the proposed method, surpassing state-of-the-art approaches.

The influence of Li Shangyin's marriage on the trajectory of his life has been widely acknowledged; however, the underlying reasons for the markedly different treatment he received from the two rival political factions have not been systematically examined. By analyzing the marital practices of key members of the Niu and Li factions, this study demonstrates that the Niu faction relied heavily on marriage alliances as a central mechanism for factional formation and consolidation, whereas the Li faction, by contrast, did not employ affinal ties as a strategy for building factional networks. This structural divergence in faction-building practices resulted in sharply contrasting responses to Li Shangyin's marriage to the daughter of Wang Maoyuan. The Niu faction interpreted the marriage as an act of betrayal against the Linghu family and consequently subjected Li Shangyin to political suppression, while the Li faction largely disregarded the marriage and accorded it little political significance. The fundamentally different attitudes toward marriage, rooted in the factions' distinct organizational logics, provide a crucial analytical key to understanding the political tragedy that ultimately shaped Li Shangyin's life.

Confronting the profound impact of globalization and informatization on ideological perceptions, there exists an imperative to propel the organic integration of fine traditional Chinese culture with ideological and political education. This integration aims to forge university students' intellectual capacities encompassing value orientation, ideological perspectives, and cognitive paradigms. Rather than creating a fragmented assembly of superficial knowledge, this integration demands emphasis on intrinsic connections between curricular content and attainment of systematic depth and coherence; This necessitates enhanced institutional mechanisms, supportive environments, and elevated professional competencies among educators. To this end, it is imperative to initiate reforms at three levels—educational philosophies, management systems, and teaching practices—by consolidating resources of fine traditional Chinese culture, identifying pivotal convergence points with university ideological and political education, and establishing a tiered-progression synergistic coupling mechanism. This integrated approach will tangibly enhance the educational efficacy of ideological and political formation.

In the digital era, the logic of capital is increasingly penetrating and reshaping China's online ideological sphere. Driven by an inherent profit motive, capital leverages the deconstruction of political logic and strategic alignment with digital technologies to exert substantial influence, resulting in a range of adverse effects. This dynamic poses a tangible risk of eroding and fragmenting the mainstream socialist ideology. To effectively counter these challenges, it is essential to develop pathways that transcend the current influence of capital. Key strategies include guarding against the corrosive impact of capital on online ideology, strengthening the agenda-setting capacity of political logic, ensuring that digital technologies align with the guidance of mainstream ideology, and reinforcing the legal framework for ideological security in cyberspace. These measures are vital to safeguarding and consolidating the integrity of online ideology in the digital age.

A numerical method for solving fractional-order integro-differential equations with weak singularity is proposed based on neural network and Jacobi polynomials. Firstly, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the equation are proved theoretically. Then, the equation is discretized based on the definition of Caputo fractional-order derivative and the Gauss-Jacobi numerical integration formula. Meanwhile, the neural network based on Jacobi polynomials is constructed to approximate the numerical solution of the equation. Finally, numerical experiments show that the method is effective.

Explicit model predictive control (EMPC) moves the online computational burden of model predictive control (MPC) to offline computation by using multi-parametric programming which produces piecewise affine control laws defined over a set of polyhedral regions in the state space. This paper uses multi-level grids structure to store the polyhedral regions and their control laws which divides the state space into several levels and build the grids structure for each level. For the given state point, the method can quickly locate the grid and the responding polyhedral region and calculate the control input. Simulation results show that the proposed method can build the multi-level grid structure in rather short time and improve online searching effectiveness, especially for the control problems with high dimensional state space or a large number of polyhedral regions.

Taking the active material of waste lithium battery cathode as the research object, a mild citric acid leaching system is selected to investigate the effects of acid concentration, reducing agent, solid-liquid ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and other factors on cobalt leaching rate. Furthermore, the thermodynamics and the kinetics of cobalt leaching are analyzed. In terms of the selection of reducing agents, both the subsequent recovery of cobalt in the leaching solution (synthesis of cobalt ferrite) and the use of iron based reducing agents have achieved efficient cobalt leaching, while providing an ion foundation for subsequent cobalt recovery. Experimental results show that under the conditions of reaction temperature of 80 ℃, initial acid concentration of 1.25 mol/L, addition of reduced iron powder of 6.67 mmol/g, and solid-liquid ratio of 40 g/L, cobalt leaching rate can reach 99.95% after 120 minutes of leaching. In the range of pH<6.80 and (0.65~1.61)V＞E＞-0.31 V, reduction helps to accelerate the leaching of cobalt from the positive electrode active material of lithium batteries. The cobalt leaching process can be described by an unreacted core contraction model without a solid product layer. The reaction rate is controlled by a combination of surface chemical reactions and diffusion. The calculated apparent activation energy is 24.55 kJ/mol, and the expression for the prediction model of cobalt leaching rate in this system is obtained.

With the development of the Internet and 5G technology, an increasing number of third-party extended warranty service providers have emerged, leading retailers to face competition stemming from differences in service levels and sales channels. Through model construction, this study examines the impact of factors such as the service level of third-party extended warranty services and the proportion of retailer channels on retailers' pricing of products and extended warranties, as well as their profits. The findings are as follows: (1)When the ratio of competition intensity in extended warranty prices to competition intensity in extended warranty service levels is relatively high, retailers should increase extended warranty prices and reduce product retail prices to boost profits from extended warranty services. In this scenario, an improvement in third-party service levels benefits retailers' profit growth, and when consumers prefer the retailer's channel, the entry of third-party providers further enhances retailers' profits. (2)When the ratio of competition intensity in extended warranty prices to competition intensity in extended warranty service levels is relatively low, retailers should decrease extended warranty prices and increase product retail prices to increase profits from product sales. In this case, an improvement in third-party service levels leads to a decline in retailers' profits, and the entry of third-party providers has a negative impact on retailers' profits.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) exert both a direct influence on negative emotions in college staderts and an indirect effect mediated by social alienation. A greater number of ACEs is associated with heightened social alienation, which in turn leads to increased negative emotions. The perception of involution moderates this pathway by strengthening the positive relationship between ACEs and social alienation, as well as between social alienation and negative emotions. A stronger perception of involution augments the indirect effect of ACEs on negative emotions through social alienation, thereby amplifying the overall impact of ACEs. Introducing the concept of involution perception into research on negative emotions not only deepens theoretical understanding of their development but also offers valuable insights for designing targeted interventions.

High-quality accounting information is the lifeline of capital markets,and earnings information recognized based on revenue standards constitutes a key component of accounting information,playing a vital role in determining its quality.This paper employs a difference-in-differences(DID)approach to empirically investigate the impact of the new revenue standard on opportunistic stock selling by executives.The study finds that the new revenue standard inhibits such opportunistic behavior by improving both the quality of accounting information and the efficiency of its use.Further analysis reveals that the implementation of the new revenue standard is more effective in curbing executives' opportunistic selling when listed companies operate in a sound legal environment,are subject to stronger institutional investor supervision,possess greater board independence,and enjoy higher audit quality.Additionally,the inhibitory effect of the new standard is more pronounced when companies make greater use of accounting information,as indicated by higher levels of media and analyst attention.The findings offer empirical evidence supporting the implementation of the new revenue standard and the improvement of enterprise accounting standards,while also providing policy implications for regulators aiming to curb opportunistic behavior among executives.

The Communist Party of China (CPC) has consistently represented the developmental requirements of advanced productive forces, prioritizing their liberation and development as a fundamental task. The Five-Year Plans (FYPs), serving as a crucial modality of CPC governance, encapsulate the Party's persistent exploration of pathways and methods for developing advanced productive forces. A retrospective analysis of the fourteen FYPs reveals that the primary tasks for developing advanced productive forces have become progressively heavier, the risks and challenges greater, the practical scope broader, and public expectations higher. However, the core tenets underpinning these efforts remain unchanged: the development philosophy of putting people first, the guiding principles of Marxist theory, the functional orientation of expanding and advancing Chinese modernization, and the spirit of historical initiative. Consequently, the CPC's development of advanced productive forces constitutes a dialectical unity of “change” and “constancy”. Looking ahead to the 15th FYP period, it is imperative for the CPC to scientifically understand and correctly handle this dialectical relationship, anchoring itself in the “constancy” amidst “change”, and leveraging constancy to navigate changing challenges.

The persistence and resistance to degradation of antibiotic wastewater pose a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. Electrocatalytic oxidation has emerged as an effective approach to address the challenge of recalcitrant antibiotic wastewater. This study focuses on three representative antibiotics, i.e., fluoroquinolones, amphenicols and tetracyclines,and systematically reviews their degradation mechanisms. Additionally, it delves into the current strategies for modifying electrode materials used in the electrocatalytic treatment of recalcitrant antibiotic wastewater. These strategies primarily include introducing intermediate layers to optimize charge transfer, doping with metal elements to enhance catalytic activity, and incorporating metal oxides and non-metallic materials to improve electrode stability and selectivity. These modifications have significantly improved the catalytic activity and overall efficiency of electrocatalytic reactions.Finally, the paper provides an outlook on the development directions and application prospects of three-dimensional electrocatalytic systems, novel carbon-based composites, metal oxides and nanostructured electrode materials, aiming to offer systematic guidance and reference for both fundamental theoretical research and industrial engineering application of electrocatalytic technology in antibiotic wastewater remediation.

John Rawls' theory of overlapping consensus cannot resolve the issue of the lack of consensus reflected in the frequent social upheavals in the United States. The practical dilemma lies in the disjunction of the overlapping consensus, while the theoretical dilemma arises from the ahistoricity caused by the presuppositions of the theoretical assumptions. The perspective of historical materialism reveals that the root cause of this ahistoricity is Rawls' use of a “historical dualism”—by dividing political and non-political domains, an overlapping consensus is achieved in the latter with respect to the former. However, the growing political demands of the non-political domain challenge the original political framework, and identity politics emerges as a practical consequence. Thus, the ahistorical consensus, represented by the overlapping consensus based on the “historical dualism,” is unlikely to genuinely foster social unity and development; instead, it undermines the existing consensus resources due to its disconnection from history. A historical consensus, which is generated within the totality of history and drives historical progress, possesses the cohesion and leadership to strengthen social unity and promote the sustainable development of social consensus itself.

In order to meet the requirements of lightweight and miniaturization of the U-shaped pan tilt in high-precision scanning leak locators, and improve the stability of the system, this paper proposes a multi-objective parameter optimization for the static structure of the U-shaped pan tilt based on response surface function and genetic algorithm. Using stress, deformation and moment of inertia as constraint functions, mass and volume as objective functions, multiple sets of models are designed and simulated to extract five response values and establish a response surface model. Subsequently, a genetic algorithm is used to analyze and optimize the results for optimizing the U-shaped pan tilt structure. Experimental results show that compared with the original prototype, the optimized model achieves a mass reduction of 4.30% and a volume reduction of 37.98%.

This study draws on foundational data from 40 exemplary cases of digital social innovation in China and utilizes web crawler programs to collect related textual information.Employing a multi-case analysis approach,it explores the shared mechanisms underlying digital social innovation.The findings reveal that digital social innovation is a dynamic process in which diverse actors identify innovation opportunities,construct innovative activities,and generate innovative outcomes.The study further finds that such innovation requires close collaboration among multiple stakeholders.In opportunity identification,the deep integration of various resources is essential;in activity construction,strong digital technology drivers are needed;and in goal realization,an inclusive and competitive collaboration system among all stakeholders must be activated.These elements progress in an orderly manner and interactively couple to form the practical mechanism of digital social innovation.

“Zhexue” (Zhejiang Studies) represents a distinguished form of traditional Chinese regional culture, rich in ideological and political education resources. Rooted in core values such as moral cultivation, pragmatism, responsibility, erudition, and academic excellence, it carries profound significance for guiding college students to set lofty aspirations, uphold moral integrity, develop their talents, and shoulder national responsibilities. This study advocates for the integration of “Zhexue” into ideological and political education for college students by adhering to principles of systematicity, coherence, and practicality. It explores the inherent value of this integration and proposes effective strategies for embedding “Zhexue” in educational practice. The goal is to advance the inheritance and development of “Zhexue,” enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education, and better cultivate a new generation capable of undertaking the great mission of national rejuvenation.

Communication and information exchange among companies can lead to the spread of financial violations, creating a contagion effect akin to the notion that “those near ink are stained.” This paper focuses on A-share listed companies on the main board of China's stock market from 2008 to 2021. Drawing on deterrence theory and a property rights perspective, the study empirically investigates whether administrative supervision can effectively convey deterrent signals and thus interrupt the transmission of corporate financial violations. The findings reveal that administrative supervision (in terms of intervention frequency, responsiveness, penalty amounts, and forms) is capable of conveying deterrent signals and blocking the contagion of financial misconduct. Specifically, higher regulatory responsiveness, intervention frequency, and administrative penalties have a stronger deterrent effect on state-owned enterprises, while regulatory fines do not exhibit a significant deterrent effect. In contrast, regulatory fines effectively prevent the spread of financial violations in private enterprises. This research enriches the theoretical framework of corporate financial violation governance, clarifies the mechanisms through which administrative supervision blocks the contagion of financial violations, and provides empirical evidence to address the increasingly severe issue of corporate financial misconduct.

Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, Journey to the West, and The Plum in the Golden Vase are collectively known as the “Four Great Classical Novels” of Chinese literature. Their authors are generally identified as Luo Guanzhong, Shi Nai'an, Wu Cheng'en, and-according to the influential theory-Tu Long, respectively. All four figures have significant biographical ties to the city of Hangzhou. Since these novels evolved from urban popular literature that flourished after the Southern Song dynasty-and as Hangzhou was the most economically prosperous and culturally vibrant city of the time-it is unsurprising that the formation, dissemination, and textual features of the Four Great Classical Novels are deeply intertwined with Hangzhou. This close connection highlights the unique cultural affinity between the city and these literary masterpieces.

Using China's provincial panel data from 2013 to 2021, this study constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for rural digital infrastructure in China. The Dagum Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation, and the natural breaks classification method are employed to examine its development level and regional disparities. Furthermore, the DEA window analysis method is applied to assess the efficiency of rural digital infrastructure in narrowing the urban-rural income gap, income disparities across rural regions, and income inequality among farmers. The results indicate that although China's rural digital infrastructure has experienced steady improvement, its overall development level remains relatively low and growth has been modest. A pronounced spatial gradient is evident, with development levels declining from the eastern coastal regions toward inland areas. Interregional disparities contribute approximately 50% of the overall regional inequality. From a dynamic perspective, both overall and interregional disparities in rural digital infrastructure development exhibit a downward trend nationwide. The relative gap between the western region and the eastern and central regions has narrowed, although substantial intraregional disparities persist within the western region. Marked intraprovincial heterogeneity is observed, giving rise to a five-tier structure comprising low, relatively low, medium, relatively high, and high development levels. In terms of overall gap-narrowing efficiency, rural digital infrastructure development in China at the current stage largely conforms to the requirements of moderately forward-looking development. Improvements in comprehensive gap-narrowing efficiency are primarily driven by gains in technical efficiency, while the capacity to translate technological conditions into effective scale and coverage benefits remains limited. On this basis, policy recommendations are proposed from three perspectives: moderately forward-looking investment, comprehensive and coordinated development, and region-specific advancement of rural digital infrastructure.

This study addresses the challenges of facility siting and material distribution in emergency logistics by developing a two-stage robust model that accounts for both social donations and the uncertainty of disaster-related demand. The model aims to minimize the pre-disaster costs associated with the operation of emergency material reserve centers, the procurement and storage of emergency supplies, as well as the post-disaster distribution expenses for both pre-positioned and socially donated materials. A column-and-row generation algorithm is employed to solve the model effectively. The uncertainty in social donations is managed by converting it into a deterministic equivalent using triangular fuzzy numbers, while demand uncertainty is addressed through interval uncertain sets and robust optimization techniques. The model also incorporates constraints on the number of emergency material reserve centers that can be activated and the government's budget limitations. Validation and sensitivity analysis of the model are conducted using a simplified Sioux Falls network, and the experimental simulation results confirm the model's ability to achieve a balanced allocation of government pre-disaster budgets and the number of emergency material reserve centers to be operational.